Brain Health Journey

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Identifying the problem

diagnosis confirmation

After thorough evaluations, their clinician(s) will share a diagnosis of their changes in memory, thinking, and understanding. A diagnosis such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia due to Alzheimer's disease is based on a combination of factors: clinician assessment, family input, medical history, brain imaging, and blood tests. This typically happens after the initial evaluation and after other possible causes have been ruled out.

After having an initial medical evaluation, what are the next steps to get a diagnosis?

The person receiving care may need to complete multiple steps before reaching a final diagnosis. These could include referrals to specialists and additional labs or tests. The clinician(s) will likely follow the steps below to move toward a diagnosis. While timing varies widely (these can take weeks, months, or longer), it’s important to stay on the journey to get the answers.

Functional exam and detailed history — to measure their ability to function and complete daily activities and tasks, including input from family or close friends and validated cognitive testing.
Labs and tests — to identify potential reversible causes of their symptoms, along with brain imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests.

For example, their clinician(s) may do blood tests to check for identifiable problems such as low thyroid or B12, liver or kidney problems, anemia, etc.
Brain imaging might check for stroke, mass, fluid shifts, or possible infections.

Blood-based biomarker testing — blood tests to detect changes in their brain

Before any appointment, check with the insurance provider to see what their plan covers. In most cases, brain imaging with PET or CSF tests is covered at least once to confirm a diagnosis and determine eligibility for the two disease-modifying therapies currently available.
If PET or CSF tests are not available, Medicare may cover a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. For Medicare Advantage, call 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) to check coverage.

Bottom line: Getting a diagnosis often involves multiple steps and can take time — but each one brings the person you care for closer to answers and the right care. Don't hesitate to ask their clinician what to expect, and be sure to check with their insurance provider along the way.

What should we do during the appointment(s) to confirm their diagnosis?

They received an Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis. What stage are they in?

What should we do after receiving an Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis?

The information provided on this website is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended to constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. It should not be relied upon as a substitute for professional medical judgment. Consult a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding Alzheimer's disease, related conditions, or any medical condition.

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