The Impact of Social Isolation on Brain Health

Research shows that social isolation is a key risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease.¹ Avoiding other people and social situations can also be a sign of Alzheimer’s.² You can lower this risk and support brain health by keeping in touch with others, especially as you get older.

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Social isolation has been shown to have a negative effect on brain health and increase risk for Alzheimer’s. Social isolation is also associated with Alzheimer’s disease getting worse, faster.³ It is important to engage with other people regularly to stimulate your brain and help keep it healthy.

Major life events and health issues can increase risk for social isolation, especially for older adults. If someone's husband or wife dies, they may have less social interactions after the death. Or, someone might lose a friend or neighbor who they talked to regularly. Big life changes like moving to a new community or retiring can also be difficult adjustments that lead to social isolation. Health problems like hearing loss can make it harder to talk and listen to others, making a person avoid social situations all together.

In a typical week, how many times do you talk on the telephone with family, friends, or neighbors? How often do you get together with friends or relatives? How often do you attend church or religious services? How often do you attend meetings of the clubs or organizations you belong to?⁴

Someone who is isolated may feel ashamed about their situation. Some people may not want to admit that they have been socially isolated or that they need help. If you feel isolated, know that many other people face these same challenges, and think about who you could reach out to. If your loved one is isolated, acknowledge their emotions, and let them know that you want to help.

It may seem hard at first, but you can be socially active, even without leaving your home. You can use phone or video calls to reach out to your friends and family members. There are resources available, too. The “Far From Alone” website has a toolkit for seniors, a telephone hotline, and other resources.⁵ You can find a buddy through Papa Pal, a companionship program that provides social support and daily assistance. You can help yourself or a loved one feel socially connected by signing up for Papa Pal.⁶

Keep Your Brain Healthy

Know the Effects of Social Isolation

You Can Take Action

Understand the link between social isolation and Alzheimer’s disease.

Know the risk factors of social isolation.

Ask these questions to identify social isolation:

Be aware of the shame of social isolation.

Take steps to stay in touch with others.

Understand the link between social isolation and Alzheimer’s disease.

Know the risk factors of social isolation.

Ask these questions to identify social isolation:

Be aware of the shame of social isolation.

Take steps to stay in touch with others.